2nd+Period+Class+Projects

//__**The Burning Civil Gazette!**__//

The First Battle of Bull Run

Reed Cammarata

Period 2 The first major conflict In the Civil War was the First Battle of Bull Run. The battle took place on July 21st 1861. There were 35,000 Confederate Troops versus 20,000 Union troops. The Union got ready to fight as they moved down 30 miles from Washington to arrive at the battle. Citizens arrived with their picnic supplies ready to watch the battle. But soon after the battle started they were running for there lives to get away. The battle only lasted one day. Even though the South had more soldiers the North had more casualties. The Leaders of the Confederacy were General Berigrigard, General Stonewall Jackson, and General Johnson. The reason that the Union needed to win this war was because it would give them access to the Confederate capitol, Richmond. media type="file" key="sec1900_300k.asf" width="300" height="300"

__**The First Battle of Bull Run**__

By: Brian Dinger

The First Battle of Bull Run was the first major battle in the Civil War. This battle was also the second battle in the Civil War. The First Battle of Bull Run was on land. This battle took place thirty miles south of Washington. There was the Union army which consisted of 28,000 men commanded by General McDowell who fought the Confederates with 33,000 men under General Beaugard. Both these two battles took place in July 18, 1861. One interesting fact about the First Battle of Bull Run was that the First Battle of Bull Run was also called the First Battle of Manassas. Another interesting fact was that McLean's estate was near Manassas Junction where the land battle took place and a Union shell dropped through the chimney and exploded the fireplace. At the end of the First Battle of Bull Run, the Confederates won.

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Monitor v. Merrimack

March 8th, 1862

One of the most unique battles of the Civil War was definitely the battle of Monitor v. Merrimack, also known as Virginia v. Monitor. This was fought in the Chesapeake Bay and in a marshy river known as Hampton Roads. It was so unique because of the ships. The ships were made of iron clad. This whole battle originated from the dispute of the blockade that the north put down. The whole reason the blockade was put down was so that the south could not trade their goods. The fighting started at early dawn, and it featured the Confederate Merrimack commanded by Franklin Buchanan, and the wooden Union Cumberland, as well as some other wooden Union ships. The iron clad Merrimack was originally once a wooden Union ship, but the Confederates recovered it from the water and covered it with iron clad. The Cumberland and all of the Union did not stand a chance against the Merrimack for the first day. It was not until the next day March 9th at 1:00 AM, that the USS Monitor joined the battle. The ships captain was Lt. John Warren. The ships were also not powered by sails, they were powered by steam. The battle was a very hard one to fight because the ships could not do any damage to each other. The battle ended in a draw. This battle will always be noted in history for its remarkable technology.

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 Monitor Vs. Merrimac

 March 8-9, 1862

 Matthew Hartmann

 The Battle of the Monitor vs. Merrimac (also known as Virginia Vs Monitor) was a naval battle that took place in Chesapeake Bay. Although the battle ended in a draw, it was an important landmark in naval technology. This was the first battle that has taken place up to that time in history that has used ironclad ships. The battle started when the Merrimac, an ironclad Confederate ship, tried to break through a blockade that the north had set up on Hampton Roads. This blockade included the northern wooden ship called Cumberland. Ports were very important because they brought in imported goods such as food and clothing. With the wooden Cumberland up against the ironclad Merrimac, the North had absolutely no chance of winning and ended up sinking in shallow water.

 The next day, the Union had another boat in their force, The Monitor. It was an iron clad ship run by Lt. John Warden. This ship featured a revolving turret. It was waiting for the Merrimac for the second day of fighting in this battle. The Merrimac was originally a ship from the Union. The North eventually abandoned it and sunk it. The south recovered it and plated the whole ship with metal. The ship was run by Lt. Franklin Buchanan. When the Merrimac arrived, the Battle between the two ships lasted a total of four hours. Towards the end of the battle, the ships were damaged but none of the cannonballs penetrated the ships. The only thing that happened because of this battle was that the North crushed the hopes of the South breaking through the blockades. The Merrimac was eventually destroyed to keep out of the Unions grasp. This whole battle lasted two days. The ironclad ships have changed the course of naval technology in the 1860s.

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// The Battle of Vicksburg //
By: Chad Bednarski-

The trek towards Vicksburg started in October and The Battle of Vicksburg took place between May 19th and July 4th of 1863. There were 77,000 Union troops and 29,500 Confederate troops. The Union had 3,200 casualties and the Confederacy had only 500 but were force to surrender. General Grant, the man leading the union in this batle, invaded Mississippi, the Mississippi River, Warren county, and Port Hudson While General Braxton Bragg, the man leading the Confederacy, was defending the city and failed. The North had Attacked from both land and water but the south were well prepared to fight back, actually the Union had nurses and doctors come with the soldiers to the battle to help the Union with the wounded but the Union and General Grant had over came them. The North wanted to capture Vicksburg because it was along the Mississippi River, if they capture Vicksbug they had capturd the Mississippi River which would divide the Confederacy in half and would eventually cause the Confederacy to surrender and give up fighting and the north would win the war.

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 Battle of Vicksburg By: Tessa Moseley**

<span style="color: #ff3366; font-family: 'Baskerville Bold Italic',sans-serif; font-size: 17pt;">The Battle of Vicksburg was a very interesting battle because the fighting was mainly done by the Union states then the Confederate states. From my research and my sources they call this a siege. Many Generals such as Ulysses S. Grant called this a “Unconditional Surrender.” The battle was in Vicksburg Mississippi on May 18- July 4, 1863 and lasted three months. After the long battle was over the union gained control of the Mississippi River cutting the Confederate states in half.

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<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 300%;">__**Shiloh**__
=<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 35px;"> = =<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 35px;">**__April 8, 1862: Civil War__** = <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 125%;">The Confederate General Johnston knew about the federal plans to wait for another army to come, and so he plan a surprise attack on General Grant and his troops. This is what caused the fighting at Shiloh. Two days ago Union General Grant kept his ground and was holding strong against this attack. Yesterday morning more troops arrived for the Union and the Confederacy was forced to retreat. General Johnston was wounded yesterday and so P.G. Beauregard had to take over. Some say this is the reason for the Confederacy defeat. Others say the Union is too powerful. The death toll was an estimate of 23,746 total. The Union with 13,047. The Confederacy with 10,699. So this was a high class victory for the Union. Soldiers say that the "Battle front" was called the "Hornets Nest" for the fact that the bullets flying everywhere sounded like hornets flying all around. The fact that the Union has one so many battles makes people guess that they are going to win this war.

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**The Battle of Shiloh** **By: Jacob Sniegocki**

<span style="color: #eb613d; font-family: Copperplate Bold,sans-serif; font-size: 15pt;">On April 6th and 7th 1862 the Battle of Shiloh was fought. The battle took place in the the Hardin Country, Tennessee near the Tennessee River which is also known as the Pittsburgh Landing. General Albert Sydney Johnston was the Confederate general who planned a surprise attack on a Union camp near the church of Shiloh. Shiloh was an important position for the Union because it was a intersection between Charleston and Memphis. Gaining control of this position was key because it gave the Union access to all the great communications between the Mississippi and the east using railroads. General Johnston's surprise attack took place in the mourning. The Union previously did know that the Confederacy was near Shiloh because of kidnappings to Union soldiers. The Union did not know how many Confederate troops were there. General Ulysses S. Grant stood his ground and did not give up. The “Hornets Nest” was buzzing with bullets and caused about 23,716 casualties on both sides. The “Hornets Nest” was the front were the two armies met. It was called the “Hornet's Nest” because of all the buzzing bullets going around the area. General Johnston got wounded and P. G. Beauregard took over at the command. Some thought this is the reason for the Confederate loss. General Ulysses S. Grant lead the Union to victory after the highest casualty rate in the civil war. the bloodiest battle was over.

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<span style="color: #00ae00; font-family: 'Andale Mono',monospace; font-size: 16pt;">September 17th 1862

<span style="color: #00ae00; font-family: 'American Typewriter',sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">The Battle of Antietam was a major battle between the Union Army and the Confederate Army. The battle was also known as The Maryland Campaign. This battle ended the Confederate Army of north Virginia's first invasion to the north. The preparations for this war began on September 15th 1862, but the actual battle was on September 17th. The battle was fought just south of Sharpsburg, Maryland along the Antietam River. The battle ended in a tie ( no one won this battle). The battle was fought because if Lee lead the union to the river it would lead the federal forces away from the war. This battle was the bloodiest battle of the Civil War and the bloodiest day in American history! From this battle alone 1,512 Confederate soldiers died, 7,816 were wounded, and 1,844 confederate soldiers were captured or missing. There were 2,108 Union soldiers killed, 9,549 soldiers were wounded, and 753 Union soldiers were captured or missing. All together over 20.000 people died at this battle. Luckily Clara Barton was there though to help heal some soldiers who were injured. These are some of the details of the Battle of Antietam.

<span style="color: #00ae00; font-family: 'American Typewriter',sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">Kevin Ferko

<span style="color: #00ae00; font-family: 'American Typewriter',sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">media type="file" key="My_Poor_Country.mov" width="300" height="300" =<span style="color: #00b8ff; display: block; font-family: Cochin,sans-serif; font-size: 210%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">//__**The Battle of Antietam**__// <span style="color: #00b8ff; display: block; font-family: Cochin,sans-serif; font-size: 20pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">//__**By: Gabi Fuller**__// The Battle of Antietam was a major battle in the Civil War that involved the Confederate soldiers and the Union soldiers. This battle was known as the bloodiest day of history with over 20,000 soldiers killed or wounded. But with the help of Clara Barton, the injured soldiers were in luck. Clara Barton was an aid during many battles of the civil war and helped many soldiers that were wounded. Since she was so much help she was eventually known as “The Angel of the Battlefield.” The Battle of Antietam was a battle that took place on September 17th, 1862. This battle lasted 12 hours and took place in Sharpsburg, Maryland. This also took place around the Antietam Creek. During this battle, 500 cannons we used, firing over 50,000 rounds of ammunition. This battle was fought because General Lee wanted Abraham Lincoln to talk peace between the Union and the Confederate. But, there was a downfall for Lee. A confederate officer left Lee's battle plans wrapped around three cigars at a campsite. Then a Union leader came across them and saw a perfect opportunity to stop Lee and his army. The Union thought they could defeat the Confederates, but this ended in a military draw. The Battle of Antietam also led to the Emancipation Proclamation to be put in place by Lincoln. This was to free all slaves in the Confederate states. The battle may have ended in a tie, but the Union had a Political victory. =

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